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Aflevering 2, 2020 Alle samenvattingen uitklappen
Van de redactie

Editorial

Auteurs Dr. Tamara Metze
Auteursinformatie

Dr. Tamara Metze
Dr. Tamara Metze is voorzitter van de redactie van Beleid en Maatschappij.
Artikel

Diversiteit en inclusie in verschillende typen kindercentra

Ervaringen van managers en medewerkers

Trefwoorden Diversity, Inclusion, Privatization, Organizational climate, Childcare centers
Auteurs Drs. Willeke van der Werf, Dr. Pauline Slot, Prof. dr. Patrick Kenis e.a.
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie

    Childcare centers are organizations that differ in structural and cultural characteristics. The present comparative case study examined how Dutch childcare centers match different organization types and related the identified organization types to the implementation of diversity and inclusion policy. Diversity and inclusion in organizations concerns climate-dimensions, such as providing equal opportunities, allowing influence on decision-making and stimulating professional development for all staff. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 managers and 24 pedagogical practitioners in 13 childcare centers. Content-analysis of the interviews showed that employees in all centers experience equal opportunities, however the content and form of these opportunities differed according to the type of organization. Employees in childcare centers with a comparatively strong orientation on professional performance reported positive experiences with group-collaboration, team-professionalization and collective decision-making. Employees in childcare centers with a comparatively strong market orientation reported positive experiences with possibilities for individual development and autonomy in their daily work. The experiences of the employees match the differences in organizational climate as reported by the location managers, emphasizing either collaboration in teams or employees’ individual responsibility, depending on the type of organization.


Drs. Willeke van der Werf
Drs. Willeke van der Werf, promovendus, is werkzaam bij het departement Educatie en Pedagogiek van de Universiteit Utrecht. www.uu.nl/medewerkers/WMvanderWerf

Dr. Pauline Slot
Dr. Pauline Slot is universitair docent en onderzoeksprojectleider bij het departement Educatie en Pedagogiek van de Universiteit Utrecht. www.uu.nl/medewerkers/PLSlot

Prof. dr. Patrick Kenis
Prof. dr. Patrick Kenis is hoogleraar public governance aan Tilburg University, Tilburg School of Economics and Management. www.tilburguniversity.edu/nl/medewerkers/p-n-kenis

Prof. dr. Paul Leseman
Prof. dr. Paul Leseman is hoogleraar orthopedagogiek bij het departement Educatie en Pedagogiek van de Universiteit Utrecht. www.uu.nl/staff/PPMLeseman
Artikel

Sturing op toeristische gentrificatie in stadscentra

Lessen uit Amsterdamse stadsstraten

Trefwoorden Urban governance, policy fit, tourism gentrification, city centre, Amsterdam
Auteurs Ir. Simon van Zoest en Dr. Wouter Jan Verheul
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie

    The extensive growth of urban tourism has influenced the living environment of urban citizens worldwide, which is among others due to changes in the range of commercial amenities. As a manifestation of this development, the existing supply of retail and hospitality services gradually changes from a focus on inhabitants to the tourist. As a result, the call for municipal intervention grows. However, little is known about the steerability of this development. In this article we therefore asses how tourism affects the range of commercial amenities in city streets, and what local policy responses are most suitable. The research builds on the concepts of tourism gentrification and different types of ‘policy-instrument fit’. Our case study of the city centre of Amsterdam, including a media and policy document analysis, as well as in-depth interviews with stakeholders, show that some problems caused by mass tourism require ‘hard’ forms of government control, while others require a ‘softer’ process approach, linking local parties to jointly improve a city street. The presented steering perspectives are not only relevant for the city of Amsterdam, but also for many other towns within, and beyond, the Netherlands, that have been struggling with the growth of tourism. The open attitude towards urban mass tourism has come up for discussion and urban (tourism) policy calls for reconsideration.


Ir. Simon van Zoest
Ir. Simon van Zoest is promovendus aan de Technische Universiteit Delft.

Dr. Wouter Jan Verheul
Dr. Wouter Jan Verheul is universitair docent en onderzoeker aan de Technische Universiteit Delft. Beide zijn verbonden aan de afdeling Urban Development Management.
Artikel

Naoorlogs universalisme in het huidige socialezekerheidsdebat

Trefwoorden Social security system, welfare state, Universalism, public advisory agencies, working poor
Auteurs Dr. Barbara Brink en Prof. dr. Gijsbert Vonk
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie

    The Western European social security systems are founded on the need to offer universal social protection, as was for example advocated in the Beveridge report of 1942. The universalistic endeavour has led to the development of the all-embracing welfare states of today, but already for many decades dissatisfaction with the direction of the welfare state has led to a diversion of the universalistic pretention. In the current debate, universalism seems to be on the rise again. The Dutch think tanks CPB, WRR and SCP increasingly pay attention to the divide that is becoming manifest between those with better chances in the society and who are left behind. The think tanks have all formulated policy options in order to address this divide by offering better social security protection for excluded groups. In this article we discuss whether the options presented fall back upon the post-war notion of universality.


Dr. Barbara Brink
Dr. Barbara Brink is postdoc onderzoeker socialezekerheidsbeleid bij de Rijksuniversiteit Groningen

Prof. dr. Gijsbert Vonk
Prof. dr. Gijsbert Vonk is hoogleraar socialezekerheidsrecht aan de Rijksuniversiteit Groningen.

    In this feature authors discuss recent research findings that are of interest to readers of Beleid en Maatschappij.


Fabian Dekker
Fabian Dekker is redactielid van Beleid en Maatschappij.
Dossier

Access_open Naar nieuwe scheidslijnen op de Nederlandse arbeidsmarkt? Een pleidooi voor uitvoerbaarheid van beleid

Trefwoorden Labour market, Dividing lines, Policy feasibility, Participation Act, Sustainable employability
Auteurs Dr. ir. Maroesjka Versantvoort en Prof. dr. Kim Putters
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie

    Recent developments on the Dutch labour market raise questions about the emergence of new social dividing lines. In this paper we discuss two cases. Both address labour market disadvantages which can easily deepen and sharpen with unchanged policies. The first case shows that there are groups that are less able to respond to the defined trends in the labour market due to a lack of education or disabilities. In the second case we focus on the question of sustainable employability as such that creates dividing lines. A first conclusion from our contribution is that a thorough analysis of existing dividing lines in the labour market is crucial for effective policy, but that knowledge about deepening old and creating new dividing lines is at least as relevant. A second conclusion is that the outlined assumptions in policies around self-reliance of, for example, people with a disability or the possibilities of employers to realize sheltered work and to focus on retraining, for example outside working hours, are not always realistic. Much more will have to be done to match the real possibilities of people and organizations to achieve this. Financial, but also organizational and personal. The motivations and behaviors of employees, employers and educational authorities appear to be very relevant explanatory factors in practice, which are often not sufficiently taken into account. Recent experiences with the Participation Act and lifelong learning show us that. More interaction is needed in the coming years between research, policy and the practice of the labour market.


Dr. ir. Maroesjka Versantvoort
Dr. ir. Maroesjka Versantvoort is verbonden aan het Sociaal en Cultureel Planbureau als programmaleider ‘Dynamiek op de arbeidsmarkt’.

Prof. dr. Kim Putters
Prof. dr. Kim Putters is directeur van het Sociaal en Cultureel Planbureau.
Dossier

Access_open Zicht op werk: grenzen aan het digitaal meten van werkenden

Trefwoorden data analytics, artificial intelligence, workplace surveillance, digital monitoring, quality of work
Auteurs Roos de Jong MSc, Djurre Das MSc, Linda Kool MSc MA e.a.
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie

    Technological advancements in the field of data analytics, algorithms and AI have dramatically increased opportunities for workplace monitoring. In this article, we discuss some of these digital technologies, and examine their impact on employment relationships and the quality of work. Based on desk research, literature review and interviews, the Rathenau Institute examined a wide range of digital instruments, their scientific basis, implications for the quality of work and relevant legal frameworks. Digital monitoring technologies often quantify work activities. We argue that it is important for organisations to realise that such quantification often negatively impacts both job quality and employment relationships. Responsible use of digital monitoring tools not only requires a broad societal and political dialogue about privacy, discrimination and workload but also a critical reflection on the aim of organisations to use data to understand workers, while not everything of value can be captured in data.


Roos de Jong MSc
Roos de Jong MSc is als onderzoeker verbonden aan het Rathenau Instituut.

Djurre Das MSc
Djurre Das MSc is als onderzoeker verbonden aan het Rathenau Instituut.

Linda Kool MSc MA
Linda Kool MSc MA is themacoördinator ‘Digitale Samenleving en AI’ bij het Rathenau Instituut.

Dr. ir. Melanie Peters
Dr. ir. Melanie Peters is directeur van het Rathenau Instituut.
Dossier

Access_open Waarde van werk in Nederland: de rol van de organisatie

Trefwoorden Employers, job quality, Organisations, Satisfaction, value of work
Auteurs Dr. Wieteke Conen en Prof. dr. Paul de Beer
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie

    In recent scientific and policy discourses, the centre of attention is increasingly geared towards the value and quality of work – as opposed to a prior occupation with the quantity of work. Whereas the dominant focus seems to be on (aspects of) the individual job, this contribution aims to embed the worker into the organisational context and highlight the (potential) role of organisations. We examine whether the value of work – beyond individual and job characteristics – is affected by (a) characteristics of the organisation, (b) mutual investments or the relation between employees and employers and (c) the extent to which employees can realise their values within an organisation. To that end, we analyse survey data from the Value of Work Monitor 2019. Our findings show that not only the characteristics of the employment relationship, but also the organisational context and realisation of workers’ values have a significant effect on the evaluation of one’s job. Amongst others, the composition of the workforce, autonomy and intensity, facilities for lifelong learning and workers’ embeddedness in the organisation all have a significant effect on outcomes. We conclude that the discussion on value and quality of work deserves a more active role from the side of employers.


Dr. Wieteke Conen
Dr. Wieteke Conen is werkzaam als onderzoeker bij AIAS-HSI, Universiteit van Amsterdam.

Prof. dr. Paul de Beer
Prof. dr. Paul de Beer is hoogleraar arbeidsverhoudingen bij AIAS-HSI, Universiteit van Amsterdam.
Dossier

Access_open Het betere werk: inzetten op de kwaliteit van de arbeid

Trefwoorden Work, technology, flexibilization, welfare state, social dialogue
Auteurs Prof. Monique Kremer en dr. Robert Went
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie

    New technology, flexibilization and the intensification of work could have significant consequences for those who still have work in the future, and for the quality of that work. In a new report, the Netherlands Scientific Council for Government Policy (WRR) is therefore arguing that good work for everyone should now be seen as an important aspiration for companies, institutions, social partners and the government. Good work is essential for general well-being: for the individual’s quality of life, for the economy and for society as a whole. We make nine policy proposals to promote and facilitate good work for more people.


Prof. Monique Kremer
Prof. Monique Kremer is senior wetenschappelijk medewerker bij de WRR.

dr. Robert Went
Dr. Robert Went is senior wetenschappelijk medewerker bij de WRR.
Dossier

Inleiding bij het dossier Energie en democratie

Auteurs Dr. Tamara Metze en Dr. Claartje Brons
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie

    In this feature authors discuss recent research findings that are of interest to readers of Beleid en Maatschappij.


Dr. Tamara Metze
Dr. Tamara Metze is voorzitter van de redactie van Beleid en Maatschappij.

Dr. Claartje Brons
Dr. Claartje Brons is redactielid van Beleid en Maatschappij.
Dossier

Energie en democratie: democratische invloed op regionale energiestrategieën en andere complexe besluitvormingsprocessen

Trefwoorden multilevel governance, Democracy, sustainability
Auteurs Prof. dr. Marcel Boogers
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie

    This article clarifies the democratic problems of multilevel governance, with a focus on the Regional Energy Strategy decision-making process. First, the risks that these democratic problems entail for democratic support and for the quality and speed of decision-making are discussed. Next, these problems – and their possible solutions – are discussed by means of three approaches to democracy: representative democracy, pluralist democracy and participatory democracy. A tailor-made mix of these three approaches is recommended as most useful for a solid democratic anchorage of multilevel governance.


Prof. dr. Marcel Boogers
Prof. dr. Marcel Boogers is hoogleraar innovatie en regionaal bestuur aan de Universiteit Twente en senior adviseur bij BMC. In zijn onderzoek en advies richt hij zich op de kwaliteit van besluitvormingsprocessen in interbestuurlijke verhoudingen.
Dossier

Schaal en invloed

Pleidooi voor een symbiose van directe en indirecte democratie

Trefwoorden Democracy, Direct democracy, Indirect democracy, Representative democracy, Participation
Auteurs Drs. Boudewijn Steur
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie

    In a democracy citizens should actually have influence on the choices that directly influence their lives. Citizens have two ways for this influence: directly by participating in the policy process (in its formulation, its decision making or its implementation) or indirectly by voting for a political party or representatives through which citizens have influence on the outcomes. These two are not opposite to each other, but rather complementary. My main argument in this article is that the smaller the scale, the greater the possibilities for citizens to exert direct influence. The larger the scale, the more important it is that this influence runs through their representative institutions


Drs. Boudewijn Steur
Drs. Boudewijn Steur is programmamanager versterking democratie en bestuur bij het ministerie van Binnenlandse Zaken en Koninkrijksrelaties. Hij schreef deze bijdrage op persoonlijke titel.
Dossier

Eis de regio op: regionale democratie in de energietransitie

Trefwoorden regional democracy, Participation, energy transition
Auteurs Annajorien Prins MSc en Ruben van de Belt MSc MA
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie

    The roadmap to the energy transition of the Netherlands in the next decade is formulated by and large at the regional level. 30 regions are currently developing a Regional Energy Strategy (RES), which lays out where renewable energy projects can be realized in the future. But how democratic are these regional energy strategies? In this article we share our observations and reflections, based on our professional experiences with the regional energy strategies.


Annajorien Prins MSc
Annajorien Prins MSc werkt als strategisch adviseur bij de provincie Overijssel en Studio Vers Bestuur.

Ruben van de Belt MSc MA
Ruben van de Belt LLM MSc MA is raadslid in Zwolle en voorzitter van de Regionale Werkgroep Raden, Staten en Algemeen Bestuur binnen de RES West-Overijssel. Daarnaast werkt hij als adviseur energietransitie in de jong-talentpool van Twynstra Gudde.

    In this feature authors review recently published books on subjects of interest to readers of Beleid en Maatschappij.


Prof. Thomas Schillemans
Prof. Thomas Schillemans is hoogleraar verantwoording, gedrag en instituties aan de Universiteit Utrecht.

Dr. Duco Bannink
Dr. Duco Bannink is universitair hoofddocent aan de Vrije Universiteit en redactielid van Beleid en Maatschappij. Nanke Verloo, die de inleiding van deze recensie schreef, is boekenredacteur van Beleid en Maatschappij.
De blinde vlek

Boerenblind

Auteurs Dr. Robin Pistorius
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie

    The most relevant part of a discussion is not what is discussed but what cannot be spoken of. The real taboos are those for which it is taboo to call them taboos. The status quo defines itself as non-ideological while denouncing any challenge to itself as radical.
    Therefore the column De blinde vlek frames the framers, politicizes the status quo and articulates what is not heard of.


Dr. Robin Pistorius
Dr. Robin Pistorius is universitair docent en coördinator van het Honours- en Talentprogramma van Politicologie.