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Aflevering 4, 2014 Alle samenvattingen uitklappen
Artikel

De ambtenaar als professional?

Trefwoorden Civil servants
Auteurs Drs. Thijs Jansen, Mr. drs. Luc Janssen en Drs. Tobias Kwakkelstein
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie

    The opening article introduces the topic of this special issue: civil servants. Changes in the context, role and legal status of civil servants in the Netherlands fuel the debate on the civil servant as a professional in academic and policy circles. This special issue reports on this debate, with contributions from legal, sociological, public administration and more applied perspectives.


Drs. Thijs Jansen
Drs. M. Jansen is lid van de redactie van Bestuurskunde en medeoprichter van de Stichting Beroepseer, waar hij kwartiermaker van de Goed Werk Denktank is. Hij was tot 1 juli 2014 als docent en onderzoeker werkzaam aan de School voor Politiek en Bestuur van de Universiteit van Tilburg. Hij is redacteur van verschillende boeken over professionals: Beroepszeer (2005), Beroepstrots (2009), Gezagsdragers (2012) en Loonfatsoen (2014).

Mr. drs. Luc Janssen
Mr. drs. L.H. Janssen studeerde ondernemingsrecht, bestuurskunde en sociaal recht en sociale politiek aan de Universiteit van Tilburg. Daarna werkte hij als onderzoeker bij de Tilburgse School voor Politiek en Bestuur en als medewerker bezwaar bij UWV. Tegenwoordig is hij werkzaam bij Capra Advocaten.

Drs. Tobias Kwakkelstein
Drs. T. Kwakkelstein is strategisch beleidsadviseur bij de directie Organisatie en Personeelsbeleid Rijk.
Artikel

Op weg naar een nieuwe ambtelijke status

Trefwoorden Legal status, Civil servants, Normalization, Legislative proposal
Auteurs Mr. drs. Luc Janssen
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie

    After years of debate, the discussion concerning the legal status of civil servants has reached its climax. The abolition of special civil servant status has never been closer. In February 2014 the Dutch Parliament approved a proposal that is based on the view that the particular legal status of civil servants has to be ‘normalized’, and that the terms and conditions of employment in the public sector could be regulated in line with market sector standards. In this article, both the discussion and the proposal are considered. In addition, we reflect on the extent to which and the way in which the proposal could have a positive impact on the development of the professional competence of civil servants.


Mr. drs. Luc Janssen
Mr. drs. L.H. Janssen studeerde ondernemingsrecht, bestuurskunde en sociaal recht en sociale politiek aan de Universiteit van Tilburg. Daarna werkte hij als onderzoeker bij de Tilburgse School voor Politiek en Bestuur en als medewerker bezwaar bij UWV. Tegenwoordig is hij werkzaam bij Capra Advocaten.
Artikel

Juridische status van een ethische code: waar plaats je zo’n code in de hiërarchie van de continentale normen?

Trefwoorden Civil servants, Codes of conduct civil servants, Code of conduct civil servants UK, Code of conduct civil servants Belgium, Codes of conduct civil servants France
Auteurs Prof. dr. mr. Alexander de Becker
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie

    The article aims to compare the current legal status of codes of conduct (if any) in five different EU-countries. Its starting point is the recent legal initiative in the Netherlands to abolish the existing status for officials and to replace it with contracts of employment. The parliamentary initiators indicate ethical elements as crucial for the employment relation in the public sector. Does this imply that a code of conduct has to be established?
    The article first focuses on the historical evolution of codes of conduct in different EU-Member States. Within the UK, integrity has always been considered a key stone of the civil service. However, it took until the nineties until a code of conduct was set out. The spread out of the importance of integrity for civil servants has spread out later in continental Europe. The impact of the theory of New Public Management, through the OECD, was therefore crucial. Consequently, Belgium and Germany developed codes of conduct while France and the Netherlands paid more attention to weight of ethical behavior in the public sector.
    Currently, it stays beyond any doubt that the codes of conduct in the UK have got a binding legal value. This value has not yet been achieved by the Belgian and the German codes. The article defends the point of view that a binding code in the Netherlands can be a useful tool.


Prof. dr. mr. Alexander de Becker
Prof. dr. mr. A.H.L. de Becker, universitair hoofddocent UHasselt en bijzonder hoogleraar Ien Dales Leerstoel ‘De overheid als arbeidsorganisatie’ (CAOP en Universiteit van Amsterdam).
Artikel

Socialisatie van ambtenaren: een kritische reflectie

Trefwoorden Socialization, Education, Civil servants
Auteurs Drs. Tobias Kwakkelstein en Mr. Jet Beaumont
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie

    The changes in the role of government raise questions about the training and socialization of Dutch public servants. How can civil servants and their organizations prepare for what it means to be a civil servant in the 21st century? In this article, the authors give an overview of training and other means of socialization for public servants. They conclude that there is hardly any evidence of universal and coherent means to shape the collective identity of civil servants, and suggest ways to improve this.


Drs. Tobias Kwakkelstein
Drs. T. Kwakkelstein is strategisch beleidsadviseur bij de directie Organisatie en Personeelsbeleid Rijk.

Mr. Jet Beaumont
Mr. H.M.M. Beaumont is beleidsmedewerker bij de directie Arbeidszaken Publieke Sector.
Artikel

Verder op weg naar een professie voor de beleidsambtenaar?

Trefwoorden Civil servant, Professional autonomy, Professional standards, Professional behavior
Auteurs Drs. Hans Wilmink
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie

    A profession can be defined as a group of workers with shared knowledge, skills and quality standards. To maintain its professional status, the professional community needs to be relatively autonomous. However, while performing their tasks, many pressures jeopardize the professional worker’s autonomous position. Here, the professional community can make a difference.
    Subordination to the political principal characterizes the position of the civil servant. What margin of professional independence do political leaders allow their civil servants? Recent academic empirical reports in the Netherlands show conflicting outcomes.
    This essay describes how civil servants from a Dutch ministry deal with their professional standards and argues that, in the process of professionalization, more clarity is required with regard to how autonomy and independence for civil servants are safeguarded. This is especially relevant in a contemporary context where new ways to account for the professional behavior of civil servants need to be sought.


Drs. Hans Wilmink
Drs. H. Wilmink bekleedde diverse functies op het ministerie van Binnenlandse Zaken. Hij ging in 2013 met pensioen.
Artikel

Leiderschap is wat je teweegbrengt bij anderen

Interview met prof. dr. Paul ’t Hart

Trefwoorden Civil servants, Challenges for leadership, Best-practices in public sector reform
Auteurs Drs. Tobias Kwakkelstein en Drs. Thijs Jansen
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie

    This is an interview with professor of public administration Paul ’t Hart, following the success of his Dutch essay ‘Civil Servant 3.0’. In the interview, ’t Hart addresses new demands on civil servants, challenges for leadership and the need to learn from international best practices in public sector reform.


Drs. Tobias Kwakkelstein
Drs. T. Kwakkelstein is strategisch beleidsadviseur bij de directie Organisatie en Personeelsbeleid Rijk.

Drs. Thijs Jansen
Drs. M. Jansen is lid van de redactie van Bestuurskunde en mede-oprichter van de Stichting Beroepseer, waar hij kwartiermaker van de Goed Werk Denktank is. Hij was tot 1 juli 2014 als docent en onderzoeker werkzaam aan de School voor Politiek en Bestuur van de Universiteit van Tilburg. Hij is redacteur van verschillende boeken over professionals: Beroepszeer (2005), Beroepstrots (2009), Gezagsdragers (2012) en Loonfatsoen (2014).
Artikel

Van eerste overheid naar eerst de burger, maar hoe?

Trefwoorden citizen participation, citizen initiative, local governance, municipal public policymaking
Auteurs Dr. Yvonne Kleistra en Drs. Guido Walraven
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie

    The first report (2013) by the Association of Netherlands Municipalities think tank deals with the question of how local governments can improve their own performance regarding the current trend of social initiatives in which citizens organize themselves to tackle problems in their neighborhoods. Kleistra and Walraven discuss the method, content and findings of the report. They question the widely used citizen perspective that is adopted by the think tank as a starting point for further research on the topic; its uncritical stance with regard to the highly debated issue of citizen participation; the limited research effort that underpins its overall findings and conclusions; and in particular its unequivocal call for large scale municipal experimenting and improvising without further elaborating on the key question of ‘how to proceed’ for the benefit of municipal policymakers. This brings them to the conclusion that the report itself generates highly relevant questions, but that these questions should be addressed more effectively than has so far been the case, by connecting in-depth empirical research on municipal performance with regard to citizens initiatives to the large body of scientific knowledge on citizen participation.


Dr. Yvonne Kleistra
Dr. Y. Kleistra is werkzaam als universitair docent bij de leerstoelgroep Geschiedenis van de Internationale Betrekkingen van de Universiteit Utrecht en als senior onderzoeker bij het lectoraat Dynamiek van de Stad van de Hogeschool InHolland Rotterdam.

Drs. Guido Walraven
Drs. G. Walraven is werkzaam als lector Dynamiek van de Stad van de Hogeschool InHolland Rotterdam en als coördinator Landelijk Kenniscentrum Gemengde Scholen.
Artikel

Proactieve verkeersveiligheid in veranderende bestuurlijke verhoudingen

Trefwoorden policy analysis, road safety
Auteurs Dr. Peter van der Knaap
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie

    The Netherlands enjoys a long-standing reputation in the field of road safety. Following the ‘Sustainable Road Safety’ program of the 1990s, the infrastructural layout considerably reduces the risk of accidents while at the same time many measures are in place to improve road user behavior. In recent years, however, there have been several developments that may affect the success of the approach. In addition to an ageing population, urbanization, and the rise of new technologies, there is a combination of decentralization, policy integration, and budgetary restraints.
    This contribution presents the philosophy behind the sustainable road safety program and describes its key elements. It discusses policy and societal developments, and the continuing need to improve road safety, especially at a decentralized level. The article argues in favor of a continued systematic approach towards safer road traffic, also in periods of decentralization and limited budgets. It presents a concrete perspective of the role of policy analysis and policy evaluation to develop a proactive approach to road safety under the new conditions. In this, evidence-based interventions, an active use of safety performance indicators, and a focus on success are key elements.


Dr. Peter van der Knaap
Dr. P. van der Knaap is directeur-bestuurder van de Stichting Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek Verkeersveiligheid (SWOV).
Boekbespreking

Governance van woningcorporaties

Trefwoorden social rented sector, hybrid organization, public interest, housing association, the Netherlands
Auteurs Hugo Priemus
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie

    This contribution presents a review of four publications, selected as building blocks for designing a policy for competent governance of Dutch housing associations. These publications are about:

    • hybrid organisations: Verhoef & Simon (2001);

    • securing public interests: WRR (2000);

    • problems around core tasks, side activities and achievements of housing associations: ARK (2014);

    • the complex separation of social and commercial activities: CFV (2014).


    After analyzing these four publications, a proposal is presented for the future governance of Dutch housing associations. An exclusive orientation on social activities, a discontinuation of commercial activities and a termination of state aid are suggested


Hugo Priemus
Hugo Priemus emeritus hoogleraar, is verbonden aan het Onderzoeksinstituut OTB, Technische Universiteit Delft.